霍格沃茨毕业生,现在在第一世界当暗之战士。去鬼杀队串门了,过一个月就回来嗯。

Pure-Blood纯血统

对“神圣的二十八”的家族成员做了微考据

The term 'pure-blood' refers to a family or individual without Muggle (non-magic) blood. The concept is generally associated with Salazar Slytherin, one of the four founders of Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry, whose aversion to teaching anybody of Muggle parentage eventually led to a breach with his three fellow founders, and his resignation from the school.

“纯血”,指的是一个没有麻瓜(非魔法人士)血统的巫师或家族。这个概念通常使人联想到萨拉查·斯莱特林——霍格沃茨魔法学校的四个创始人之一,由于厌恶教授那些有麻瓜血统的学生,最终与另外三个创始人决裂并离开了学校。

Slytherin's discrimination on the basis of parentage was considered an unusual and misguided view by the majority of wizards at the time. Contemporary literature suggests that Muggle-borns were not only accepted, but often considered to be particularly gifted. They went by the affectionate name of 'Magbobs' (there has been much debate about the origin of the term, but it seems most likely to be that in such a case, magic 'bobbed up' out of nowhere).

那时,多数巫师认为斯莱特林这种基于血统的歧视是一个不正常的、有误导性的观点。当时的一些文献表明,麻瓜的后代不仅可以成为巫师,还常常能成为看起来特别有天赋的巫师。他们被亲切地称为“麻爆”(关于这个词语从哪儿来有很多不同的说法,最靠谱的一种是:它描述了有时魔法会在一个麻瓜身上凭空“爆发”的神奇现象。

Magical opinion underwent something of a shift after the International Statute of Secrecy became effective in 1692, when the magical community went into voluntary hiding following persecution by Muggles. This was a traumatic time for witches and wizards, and marriages with Muggles dropped to their lowest level ever known, mainly because of fears that intermarriage would lead inevitably to discovery, and, consequently, to a serious infraction of wizarding law.*

1692年,由于麻瓜对巫师的迫害,魔法界主动转入隐藏状态。《国际巫师保密法》生效后,巫师们的观点逐渐转变了。那是一段痛苦的时期,因为与麻瓜通婚将会不可避免地导致被麻瓜发现,而且严重违反了巫师法律*,使得巫师与麻瓜的通婚降到了有史以来的最低水平。

Under such conditions of uncertainty, fear and resentment, the pure-blood doctrine began to gain followers. As a general rule, those who adopted it were also those who had most strenuously opposed the International Statute of Secrecy, advocating instead outright war on the Muggles. Increasing numbers of wizards now preached that marriage with a Muggle did not merely risk a possible breach of the new Statute, but that it was shameful, unnatural and would lead to 'contamination' of magical blood.**

在那种不安、恐慌和怨恨的环境中、纯血主义开始获得追随者。一般来说,纯血支持者同时也极力反对《国际巫师保密法》,主张对麻瓜发动彻底的战争。越来越多的巫师宣扬:和麻瓜结婚不仅仅是冒着打破保密法的风险,而且是可耻的,反动的,并会导致魔法血统的“污染”。

As Muggle/wizard marriage had been common for centuries, those now self-describing as pure-bloods were unlikely to have any higher proportion of wizarding ancestors than those who did not. To call oneself a pure-blood was more accurately a declaration of political or social intent ('I will not marry a Muggle and I consider Muggle/wizard marriage reprehensible') than a statement of biological fact.

由于麻瓜和巫师的通婚已经持续了几个世纪,那些自称“纯血”的人不会比别人多多少巫师祖先。“纯血”这个称呼与其说是对血统的描述,倒不如说是一个政治或社会立场的声明(“我不会和一个麻瓜结婚,我认为麻瓜和巫师的婚姻应该受到谴责”)。 

Several works of dubious scholarship, published around the early eighteenth century and drawing partly on the writings of Salazar Slytherin himself, make reference to supposed indicators of pure-blood status, aside from the family tree. The most commonly cited signs were: onset of magical ability before the age of three, early (before aged seven) prowess on a broomstick, dislike or fear of pigs and those who tend them (the pig is often considered a particularly non-magical animal and is notoriously difficult to charm), resistance to common childhood illnesses, outstanding physical attractiveness and an aversion to Muggles observable even in the pure-blood baby, which supposedly shows signs of fear and disgust in their presence.

一些十八世纪初出版的,掺杂有萨拉查斯莱特林本人笔迹的来历不明的文献,提供了一些除了看族谱外的判断所谓纯血的指标。最常见的迹象为:3岁前显露出的魔法能力,早期(七岁前)的骑扫帚的能力,厌恶或恐惧猪和养猪的人(猪通常被认为是一个与魔法特别绝缘的动物、非常难被施咒),对常见的儿童疾病有抵抗力,身体有突出的吸引力以及对麻瓜明显的厌恶。即使是纯血的婴儿,在麻瓜面前也会显示出恐惧和厌恶。

Successive studies produced by the Department of Mysteries have proven that these supposed hallmarks of pure-blood status have no basis in fact. Nevertheless, many pure-bloods continue to cite them as evidence of their own higher status within the wizarding community.

后来,神秘事务司的研究已经证明这些所谓的纯血标志并没有事实依据。然而许多纯血继续把它们作为自己在巫师界地位较高的证据。 

In the early 1930s, a 'Pure-Blood Directory' was published anonymously in Britain, which listed the twenty-eight truly pure-blood families, as judged by the unknown authority who had written the book***, with 'the aim of helping such families maintain the purity of their bloodlines'. The so-called 'Sacred Twenty-Eight' 

二十世纪30年代初,《纯血目录》在英国匿名出版,这个不愿显露姓名的“权威人士”列出了28个“真正的纯血统家庭”,发表,并以“帮助这些家庭维持他们的血统的纯洁性”为目的。

comprised the families of: 

所谓的“神圣的二十八“的家族包括:

Abbott 艾博,Avery 艾弗里,Black 布莱克,Bulstrode 柏斯德,Burke 博克,Carrow 卡罗,Crouch 克劳奇,Fawley 福利,Flint 弗林特,Gaunt 冈特,Greengrass 格林格拉斯,Lestrange 莱斯特兰奇,Longbottom 隆巴顿,Macmillan 麦克米兰,Malfoy 马尔福,Nott 诺特,Ollivander 奥利凡德,Parkinson 帕金森,Prewett 普雷维特 ,Rosier 罗西尔,Rowle 罗尔,Selwyn 塞尔温,Shacklebolt 沙克尔,Shafiq 沙菲克 ,Slughorn 斯拉格霍恩 ,Travers 特拉弗斯 ,Weasley  韦斯里,Yaxley 亚力克斯

A minority of these families publicly deplored their inclusion on the list, declaring that their ancestors certainly included Muggles, a fact of which they were not ashamed. Most vocally indignant was the numerous Weasley family, which, in spite of its connections with almost every old wizarding family in Britain, was proud of its ancestral ties to many interesting Muggles. Their protests earned these families the opprobrium of advocates of the pure-blood doctrine, and the epithet 'blood traitor'. Meanwhile, a larger number of families were protesting that they were not on the pure-blood list.

这些家庭中的少数人公开谴责他们列入名单,宣称他们的祖先肯定包括麻瓜,他们并不以此为耻。令人愤慨的是人数众多的韦斯莱家族,尽管它与英国几乎每一个老巫师家族都有联系,但为它与许多有趣的麻瓜的祖先而感到自豪。

他们的抗议赢得了纯血主义倡导者家庭的谴责,并获得了“血腥叛徒”的绰号。同时,越来越多的家庭抗议他们不在纯血清单上。

* Over subsequent decades and centuries, the number of mixed marriages began to climb again until the healthy levels of today, and this has not led to widespread discovery of the hidden magical community. Professor Mordicus Egg, author of The Philosophy of the Mundane: Why the Muggles Prefer Not to Know, points out that Muggles in love generally do not betray their husbands or wives, and Muggles who fall out of love are jeered at by their own community when they assert that their estranged partner is a witch or wizard.

*在随后的几十年中,混合婚姻的数量再次攀升,直到今天的健康水平,这并没有导致对隐藏的神奇社区的广泛发现。Mundicus Egg教授,“世俗哲学:为什么麻瓜偏爱不知道”一书的作者指出,爱情中的麻瓜一般不会背叛自己的丈夫或妻子,而脱离爱情的麻瓜当他们断言他们的疏远搭档是女巫或巫师时会被自己的社区嘲笑。

** In fact, the reverse appears to be true. Where families adhered consistently to the practice of marrying within a very small group of fellow witches and wizards, mental and physical instability and weakness seems to result.

**事实上,相反的情况似乎是正确的。 如果家庭坚持在一小群女巫和巫师中结婚,似乎会导致精神和身体不稳定和虚弱。

*** Widely believed to be Cantankerus Nott.

***广泛被认为是Cantankerus Nott。

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