守望者

Originally published on pottermore logo on Aug 10th 2015

I pondered the issue of illness and disability very early in the creation of Harry’s world. Did wizards catch colds? Could they cure illnesses that baffled Muggles? Were there disabled wizards? What were the limits of wizarding medicine, or could it fix anything?

在创造哈利的世界的早期，我就思考过疾病和残疾的问题。 巫师会感冒吗？ 他们能治愈困扰麻瓜的疾病吗？ 有残疾巫师吗？ 巫师医学的极限是什么，或者它可以解决任何问题？

Some of these questions went to the heart of the story, because the theme of death runs through every volume of the Potter books. Having decided that magic could not raise the dead (even the Resurrection Stone does not truly return the dead to life), I then had to decide what might kill a wizard; what kind of illnesses they could catch; what injuries they might sustain, and which of the last two could be cured.

其中一些问题直指故事的核心，因为死亡的主题贯穿了哈利波特系列的每一卷。 在决定了魔法不能让死者复活之后(即使是复活石也不能真正让死者复活) ，我不得不决定什么东西可能会杀死一个巫师; 他们可能会染上什么样的疾病; 他们可能会受到什么伤害，以及最后两种伤害中的哪一种可以治愈。

I decided that, broadly speaking, wizards would have the power to correct or override ‘mundane’ nature, but not ‘magical’ nature. Therefore, a wizard could catch anything a Muggle might catch, but he could cure all of it; he would also comfortably survive a scorpion sting that might kill a Muggle, whereas he might die if bitten by a Venomous Tentacula. Similarly, bones broken in non-magical accidents such as falls or fist fights can be mended by magic, but the consequences of curses or backfiring magic could be serious, permanent or life-threatening. This is the reason that Gilderoy Lockhart, victim of his own mangled Memory Charm, has permanent amnesia, why the poor Longbottoms remain permanently damaged by magical torture, and why Mad-Eye Moody had to resort to a wooden leg and a magical eye when the originals were irreparably damaged in a wizards’ battle; Luna Lovegood’s mother, Pandora, died when one of her own experimental spells went wrong, and Bill Weasley is irreversibly scarred after his meeting with Fenrir Greyback.

我决定，广义地说，巫师将有能力纠正或超越世俗的自然，而不是魔法的自然。 因此，一个巫师可以抓住任何麻瓜可能抓住的东西，但是他可以治愈所有的麻瓜; 他也可以轻松地逃过蝎子可能杀死麻瓜的毒刺，但是如果被有毒的触手咬了，他可能会死。 同样，在非魔法事故中，如摔倒或拳头打斗，骨折可以通过魔法修复，但诅咒或逆火魔法的后果可能是严重的、永久的或危及生命的。 这就是为什么吉德罗·洛哈 · 洛夫古德---- 他自己被毁坏的记忆魔咒的受害者---- 患有永久性失忆症，为什么可怜的隆巴顿夫妇被魔法折磨得永久性受损，为什么疯眼汉穆迪不得不使用一条木腿和一只魔法眼睛，因为在一场巫师的战斗中受到了不可弥补的损坏; 卢娜 · 洛夫古德的母亲潘多拉在她自己的实验咒语出错后死去，比尔 · 韦斯莱在遇见芬里尔·格雷伯克后留下了不可逆的伤疤。

Thus it can be seen that while wizards have an enviable head start over the rest of us in dealing with the flu, and all manner of serious injuries, they have to deal with problems that the rest of us never face. Not only is the Muggle world free of such perils as Devil’s Snare and Blast-Ended Skrewts, the Statute of Secrecy has also kept us free from contact with anyone who could pass on Dragon Pox (as the name implies, originally contracted by wizards working closely with Peruvian Vipertooths) or Spattergroit.

因此我们可以看到，虽然在对付流感和各种各样的严重伤害方面，巫师们有着令人羡慕的先天优势，但他们不得不处理我们其他人从来没有面对过的问题。 麻瓜的世界不仅没有魔鬼网和炸尾螺的危险，《保密法》还使我们不与任何可能传播龙痘(顾名思义，最初是由与秘鲁毒蛇密切合作的巫师签订的)或散花痘的人接触。

Remus Lupin’s affliction was a conscious reference to blood-borne diseases such as the HIV infection, with the attendant stigma. The potion Snape brews him is akin to the antiretroviral that will keep him from developing the ‘full-blown’ version of his illness. The sense of ‘apartness’ that the management of a chronic condition can impose on its sufferers was an important part of Lupin’s character. Meanwhile, Mad-Eye Moody is the toughest Auror of them all, and a man who was very much more than his significant disabilities.

莱姆斯 · 卢平的痛苦是有意识地提到血源性疾病（就像艾滋病患者）以及随之而来的耻辱。 斯内普为他酿制的药水就像是一种抗逆转录病毒药物，可以阻止他的病情发展成“完全”的样子。 处理慢性疾病可以给患者带来的‘冷漠'感是卢平性格的重要组成部分。 与此同时，疯眼汉穆迪是所有傲罗中最强硬的一个，他不仅仅是个残疾人。